A spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak occurs when the CSF egresses from the subarachnoid space of teh anterior or middle cranial fossa into the surrounding sinonasal or middle ear cavities through a dehiscence of the lamia dorsa.
Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) is a major source of mortality worldwide. Survivors of moderate-to-severe TBI frequently have neurological and cognitive deficits. There are no pharamacological therapeutics for neuroprotection following TBI.
Woven EndoBridge (WEB) Devices area recent tool in endovascular cerebralaneurysm repair, proposed as areplacement for Stent-Assisted Coiling(SAC). Still a new technology, they were FDAapproved in 2019. WEB devices are ~$15K per device, leading to questions about the costeffectiveness. (Stents cost anywherefrom 7K-13K, and coils cost ~2K-5Kper, but typically use multiples.)
Characterization of electrophysiological recordings during deep brain stimulation (DBS) surgery is critical for anatomical targeting and is extensively utilized to investigate physiologic markers of Parkinson’s Disease (PD). 1,2 Transient improvement in clinical symptoms has been reported after microelectrode penetration, but the mechanism(s) underlying this improvement are not well understood. 3 DBS treatment leads to a suppression of the increased tonic firing rates of the Subthalamic Nucleus (STN) for PD. 4 Thus, we sought to determine the acute electrophysiologic effects of microelectrode penetration in the STN.
Characterization of electrophysiological recordings during deep brain stimulation (DBS) surgery is critical for anatomical targeting and is extensively utilized to investigate physiologic markers of Parkinson’s Disease (PD). Transient improvement in clinical symptoms has been reported after microelectrode penetration, but the mechanism(s) underlying this improvement are not well understood. Thus, we sought to determine the electrophysiologic effects of microelectrode penetration in the Subthalamic Nucleus (STN).
Oligodendrogliomas most commonly occur in younger patients aged 20-54. Diagnosis of oligodendrogliomas in older adults is rare, with little known about the risk factors and clinical characteristics of oligodendrogliomas in older adults.
Stereo-electroencephalography (SEEG) is a commonly used method for intracranial monitoring in patients with medically intractable epilepsy. Depth electrodes are inserted to localize seizure onset zones and map epileptic and neural networks in order to plan further therapeutic surgeries such as resection or neuromodulation.
Due to the placement of SEEG electrodes in deep brain structures, accuracy is important to ensure the intended areas are sampled and to minimize complications. Various methods exist for placement, and can be broadly classified into frameless and frame-based methods. The former includes roboticassisted insertion and frameless navigation guidance systems, and the latter most commonly includes Leksell and CRW frame-based insertion. Despite the widespread use of these techniques, a recent meta-analysis was unable to find superiority of one method over the others.
We aimed to compare the accuracy, precision, and safety of these methods. We hypothesized that frame-based insertion would be more accurate and precise as compared to frameless insertion, with equal safety profiles for the two techniques.
The Theory of Mind (ToM) refers to the ability to assign mental states to oneself and others. The development of this social cognitive ability is a major issue in people with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Although we understand what the impairment consists of on a psychological level, how and why this deficit manifests on a physiologic level remains elusive. Current treatment of the ASD remains primarily psychological with a heavy emphasis on behavioral therapy. A deeper understanding of the neurophysiologic mechanisms and neural networking in ToM cognition can bring us closer to adapting neuromodulatory advancements for the treatment of behavioral deficits in ASD.
The majority of physiologic research in ToM comes from neural imaging, namely fMRI. These fMRI studies point to the temporal parietal junction (TPJ), the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), and the anterior and posterior cingulate cortex (ACC/PCC) as primary components of ToM networking. The downfall of fMRI data is the poor spatial resolution. Intracranial electrocorticography (ECoG) has the ability of providing unrivalled temporal resolution of neurological data because the electrodes are recording directly from the surface of the brain. Due to the invasive nature of this approach, this is not a common way to obtain neural recordings of cognitive processes.
