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Further understanding of epigenetic dysfunction of the retinal pigment epithelium in AMD

Published Web Location

https://doi.org/10.1080/17469899.2020.1767597
Abstract

Introduction

Modulation of epigenetic mechanisms that contribute to retinal development may render the eye susceptible to age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Progression of AMD involves alterations of epigenome such as CpG methylation and histone modifications, and study of the epigenetic regulation of molecular/ cellular pathways associated with AMD might identify target epigenetic markers for treatment of AMD.

Areas covered

In this review, we provide an overview of the influence of epigenetic factors on signaling pathways/ related genes associated with AMD, mainly hypoxia, angiogenesis, inflammation, complement, and oxidative stress; and discuss the critical role of microRNAs in AMD.

Expert opinion

Better understanding of epigenetic-mediated and microRNA-mediated regulation of the AMD disease-related pathways would help to assess the risk of developing AMD besides providing valuable insight on potential target candidates for AMD therapy.

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