UCSF

Research question

Is a mixture of preconception serum lipids and lipophilic micronutrients associated with clinical pregnancy and live births?

Design

In this prospective cohort study, blood serum was collected on the day of oocyte retrieval for 180 women undergoing IVF at an academic reproductive health centre. Concentrations of lipids (phospholipids, total cholesterol, high- and low-density lipoproteins, and triglycerides) and lipophilic micronutrients (α-, δ-, and γ-tocopherols, retinol, β- and α-carotenes, β-cryptoxanthin, lutein and lycopene) were determined using diagnostic reagent kits and high-performance liquid chromatography. Poisson regression was used with robust variance estimation to evaluate changes in Z-scores for the mixture of serum lipid and lipophilic micronutrient concentrations as predictors of embryo implantation, clinical pregnancy and live birth, adjusted for age, body mass index (BMI), race, smoking status, infertility diagnosis, ovarian stimulation protocol and other measured lipid and lipophilic micronutrient concentrations.

Results

Each SD higher serum triglyceride concentration was associated with a lower chance of live birth (RR 0.54; 95% CI 0.33 to 0.90) whereas a 1 SD higher serum α-tocopherol concentration, as part of a mixture of serum lipids and lipophilic micronutrients, was associated with a higher likelihood for a live birth (RR 1.61; 95% CI 1.11 to 2.36). Serum β-carotene concentrations were associated with live birth in a non-linear fashion; low β-carotene was associated with a lower chance of live birth and high β-carotene with a higher chance of live birth.

Conclusion

Although components of a mixture of lipids and lipophilic micronutrients were associated with live birth outcomes after IVF, a larger investigation is necessary to fully evaluate the potential clinical implications.