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Open Access Publications from the University of California

Scholarly Works (451 results)

    LBL Publications (1985)
      Cover page: CHAOS AND TURBULENCE IN AN ELECTRON-HOLE PLASMA IN GERMANIUM
      • Thesis
      • Peer Reviewed
      UC San Francisco Electronic Theses and Dissertations (2006)

        Cover page: Identification of cholestenoic acid as a ligand for the nuclear hormone receptor DAF-12 in Caenorhabditis elegans
        • Article
        LBL Publications (1985)
          Cover page: CHACTERIZATION OF CHAOTIC INSTABILITIES IN AN ELECTRON-HOLE PLASMA IN GERMANIUM
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          • Peer Reviewed
          Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society, Volume 32 (2010)
            Cover page: Using the Social of Tagging: The Interplay of Social Tags and the Strength of Association in Navigation and Learning Processes
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            • Peer Reviewed
            UC Berkeley Previously Published Works (1997)
            The Ly49 natural killer (NK) cell receptors are class I MHC-specific inhibitory receptors that are distributed to overlapping NK cell subsets. The formation of the Ly49 receptor repertoire was examined with transgenic mice that express Ly49A in all NK cells. In MHC class I-deficient mice, the Ly49A transgene did not prevent expression of endogenous Ly49 genes. However, in H-2(d) mice that express a Ly49A ligand, the transgene caused clear alterations in the endogenous Ly49 repertoire. The frequency of NK cells expressing another H-2(d)-specific receptor, Ly49G2(+), was substantially reduced. Reduced numbers of cells expressing endogenous Ly49A was suggested by reduced endogenous Ly49A mRNA levels. These results support the existence of an MHC-dependent education process that limits the number of NK cells that coexpress multiple self-specific Ly49 receptors. Ligand-dependent downregulation of Ly49 cell surface levels was also examined. Cell-surface downregulation occurred even when the transgene was expressed at low levels. The results demonstrate that downregulation of Ly49A cell surface levels is a posttranscriptional event, and argue against a model in which Ly49 receptors are calibrated to specific cell surface levels depending on the available class I ligands.
              Cover page: Ly49A Transgenic Mice Provide Evidence for a Major Histocompatibility Complex–dependent Education Process in Natural Killer Cell Development
              • Article
              • Peer Reviewed
              UC Irvine Previously Published Works (2020)
              The literature on moral injury (MI) is currently undermined by the lack of clear boundaries regarding the construct and a dearth of research on the processes by which potentially morally injurious events lead to MI. The heuristic continuum model of moral stressors proposes ways of distinguishing between moral frustrations, moral distress, and MI. In this commentary, we highlight five testable principles that can be derived from the heuristic model and evaluated using well-established constructs. Specifically, we describe meaningful distinctions between guilt and shame and address how these moral emotions can be used to distinguish between moral distress and MI. We also describe the potential role of event-related rumination, shame proneness, and cognitive flexibility in the development of MI following exposure to potentially morally injurious events. We believe that these principles offer critical next steps for the advancement of the MI field and illustrate how MI research can be generalized beyond the military context.
                Cover page: Commentary on the Special Issue on Moral Injury: Leveraging Existing Constructs to Test the Heuristic Model of Moral InjuryCreative Commons 'BY' version 4.0 license
                • Thesis
                • Peer Reviewed
                UC Davis Electronic Theses and Dissertations (2022)

                The hydrolysis by β-glucanase enzymes of barley β-glucan is important in the malting process to degrade endosperm cell walls and prepare malt for later sugar extraction during mashing. Excess β-glucan from unmalted adjuncts or unevenly modified malt can have a negative effect on wort and beer quality. This thesis explores how β-glucanase activity during mashing can influence wort β-glucan, viscosity, and filtration. First, a β-glucanase method was adapted for use on a Thermo Scientific BeerMaster Gallery autoanalyzer. This method enabled the simultaneous analysis of β-glucan and β-glucanase throughout the course of two different mash profiles—a European Brewing Congress (EBC) mash starting at 45°C and a modified Institute of Brewing (IoB) mash starting at 65°C. In the lowertemperature EBC mash, malt β¬-glucanase was able to reduce wort β-glucan contributed from 10-20% additions of unmalted barley. However, the higher temperature of the IoB mash resulted in rapid enzyme denaturation, and therefore a large amount of β-glucan accumulated in the wort. Two thermostable β-glucanases were added at the beginning of the IoB mash with 10-20% barley adjunct to evaluate their impact on β¬-glucan during the course of the mash. The β-glucanase from Trichoderma quickly hydrolyzed β-glucan as it was extracted, resulting in an easily separated wort with low β-glucan. The β-glucanase allozyme from wild barley was not as thermostable as the Trichoderma β-glucanase, and thus β-glucan accumulated in the wort as β¬-glucanase activity decayed. However, the addition of wild barley enzyme was able to reduce β-glucan in 10 and 20% barley mashes by 52 and 47% respectively. This thesis finds that the IoB mash condition is susceptible to high levels of wort β-glucan when the grist includes unmalted barley. Thermostable wild barley β-glucanase is able to reduce the amount of wort β-glucan, but it is not as effective as bacterial-source enzymes that are more thermostable and already commercially available.

                  Cover page: Effects of Mash Style on β-Glucan Concentration and β-Glucanase Activity in the Production of Quality Wort for Beer Brewing
                  • Article
                  LBL Publications (1983)
                    Cover page: OBSERVATION OF LUMINESCENCE FROM BOUND MULTIEXCITON COMPLEXES IN GALLIUM DOPED GERMANIUM
                    • Article
                    • Peer Reviewed
                    UC San Francisco Previously Published Works (2016)
                    From 5000 to 10 000 kidney patients die prematurely in the United States each year, and about 100 000 more suffer the debilitating effects of dialysis, because of a shortage of transplant kidneys. To reduce this shortage, many advocate having the government compensate kidney donors. This paper presents a comprehensive cost-benefit analysis of such a change. It considers not only the substantial savings to society because kidney recipients would no longer need expensive dialysis treatments--$1.45 million per kidney recipient--but also estimates the monetary value of the longer and healthier lives that kidney recipients enjoy--about $1.3 million per recipient. These numbers dwarf the proposed $45 000-per-kidney compensation that might be needed to end the kidney shortage and eliminate the kidney transplant waiting list. From the viewpoint of society, the net benefit from saving thousands of lives each year and reducing the suffering of 100 000 more receiving dialysis would be about $46 billion per year, with the benefits exceeding the costs by a factor of 3. In addition, it would save taxpayers about $12 billion each year.
                      Cover page: A Cost-Benefit Analysis of Government Compensation of Kidney Donors
                      • Article
                      • Peer Reviewed
                      UC San Francisco Previously Published Works (2024)

                      Background

                      Traumatic brain injury (TBI) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are potential risk factors for the development of dementia including Alzheimer's disease (AD) in later life. The findings of studies investigating this question are inconsistent though.

                      Objective

                      To investigate if these inconsistencies are caused by the existence of subgroups with different vulnerability for AD pathology and if these subgroups are characterized by atypical tau load/atrophy pattern.

                      Methods

                      The MRI and PET data of 89 subjects with or without previous TBI and/or PTSD from the DoD ADNI database were used to calculate an age-corrected gray matter tau mismatch metric (ageN-T mismatch-score and matrix) for each subject. This metric provides a measure to what degree regional tau accumulation drives regional gray matter atrophy (matrix) and can be used to calculate a summary score (score) reflecting the severity of AD pathology in an individual.

                      Results

                      The ageN-T mismatch summary score was positively correlated with whole brain beta-amyloid load and general cognitive function but not with PTSD or TBI severity. Hierarchical cluster analysis identified five different spatial patterns of tau-gray matter interactions. These clusters reflected the different stages of the typical AD tau progression pattern. None was exclusively associated with PTSD and/or TBI.

                      Conclusions

                      These findings suggest that a) although subsets of patients with PTSD and/or TBI develop AD-pathology, a history of TBI or PTSD alone or both is not associated with a significantly higher risk to develop AD pathology in later life. b) remote TBI or PTSD do not modify the typical AD pathology distribution pattern.
                        Cover page: Traumatic Brain Injury and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and Their Influence on Development and Pattern of Alzheimer's Disease Pathology in Later Life.
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