UCSF

Background/Objectives: While theoretical articles describing cultural considerations for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) treatment in Latine/x populations exist, empirical trials are less common. The present study aimed to review the existing literature for empirically tested, trauma-focused PTSD treatments among Latine/x samples to describe treatment outcomes, cultural considerations, and gaps in the existing literature. Methods: For this scoping review, we identified studies that met inclusion criteria as culturally considerate, trauma-focused PTSD treatments reporting symptom outcomes in Latine/x adults. We searched databases (n = 7) and collected 2176 unique records. Six reports met inclusion criteria. Studies enrolled 176 participants into five trauma-focused interventions (e.g., prolonged exposure therapy) and three comparison treatments (e.g., muscle relaxation). Results: Cultural considerations varied from Spanish translation to measuring nervios to the application of cultural values (e.g., familismo, personalismo) in session. Although culturally considerate treatment was associated with PTSD symptom reduction, none of the studies included unmodified trauma-focused treatment as a comparison group. Literature gaps included heterogeneity in methods, treatments, and cultural considerations, which impede the synthesis of current literature and translation from theory to practice. Conclusions: Inferences about the incremental benefits of cultural considerations are limited due to the absence of comparison to unmodified PTSD treatment. By identifying the existing literature gaps, this study aims to support optimal and culturally appropriate treatment for PTSD in Latine/x populations.