Open Access Policy Deposits

The Death Penalty’s Dirty Little Secret

Zimring, Franklin E.

(2013)

Editorial

(2006)

Courts and the Penal State: Lessons from California’s Decades of Prison Litigation and Expansion

Simon, Jonathan

(2013)

Theorizing Transnational Fiduciary Law

(2020)

This symposium Article theorizes and assesses transnational legal ordering of fiduciary law. Fiduciary law imposes legally enforceable duties on those entrusted with discretionary authority over the interests of others. The fiduciary law of a state may apply to fiduciary relationships having a transnational (or even global) scope. Fiduciary norms themselves are transnational to the extent that they settle as governing legal norms in ways that transcend and permeate state boundaries. Curiously, however, fiduciary legal theory and transnational legal theory have yet to meet. This symposium takes the first steps towards a comprehensive theory of transnational fiduciary law. To assess transnational legal ordering of fiduciary law, one must study the extent of normative settlement across state boundaries. This can be done in terms of a meta concept of fiduciary law involving a transnational body of law, or in terms of the processes that give rise to discrete domains of fiduciary law to address particular problems as understood by relevant actors. Comparative legal analysis is critical for assessing the extent of concordance and divergence in the development and practice of fiduciary law across states. This Article introduces symposium articles that assess transnational fiduciary law as a meta concept; transnational legal ordering of fiduciary law in discrete domains; and comparative fiduciary law. Together, these articles suggest that processes of transnational legal ordering can give rise to transnational fiduciary law and the potential development of discrete transnational legal orders that transcend and permeate nation-states.

ERISA Preemption of State and Local Laws on Domestic Partnership and Sexual Orientation Discrimination in Employment

Fisk, Catherine L.

(1998)

[No abstract]

Cover page of Measurement of top-quark pair production in association with charm quarks in proton–proton collisions at s = 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector

Measurement of top-quark pair production in association with charm quarks in proton–proton collisions at s = 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector

(2025)

Inclusive cross-sections for top-quark pair production in association with charm quarks are measured with proton–proton collision data at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 140 fb−1, collected with the ATLAS experiment at the LHC between 2015 and 2018. The measurements are performed by requiring one or two charged leptons (electrons and muons), two b-tagged jets, and at least one additional jet in the final state. A custom flavor-tagging algorithm is employed for the simultaneous identification of b-jets and c-jets. In a fiducial phase space that replicates the acceptance of the ATLAS detector, the cross-sections for tt¯+≥2c and tt¯+1c production are measured to be 1.28−0.24+0.27pb and 6.4−0.9+1.0pb, respectively. The measurements are primarily limited by uncertainties in the modeling of inclusive tt¯ and tt¯+bb¯ production, in the calibration of the flavor-tagging algorithm, and by data statistics. Cross-section predictions from various tt¯ simulations are largely consistent with the measured cross-section values, though all underpredict the observed values by 0.5 to 2.0 standard deviations. In a phase-space volume without requirements on the tt¯ decay products and the jet multiplicity, the cross-section ratios of tt¯+≥2c and tt¯+1c to total tt¯+jets production are determined to be (1.23±0.25)% and (8.8±1.3)%.

Cover page of Constraint on the total width of the Higgs boson from Higgs boson and four-top-quark measurements in pp collisions at s = 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector

Constraint on the total width of the Higgs boson from Higgs boson and four-top-quark measurements in pp collisions at s = 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector

(2025)

This Letter presents a constraint on the total width of the Higgs boson (ΓH) using a combined measurement of on-shell Higgs boson production and the production of four top quarks, which involves contributions from off-shell Higgs boson-mediated processes. This method relies on the assumption that the tree-level Higgs-top Yukawa coupling strength is the same for on-shell and off-shell Higgs boson production processes, thereby avoiding any assumptions about the relationship between on-shell and off-shell gluon fusion Higgs production rates, which were central to previous measurements. The result is based on up to 140 fb−1 of proton–proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of s = 13 TeV collected with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. The observed (expected) 95% confidence level upper limit on ΓH is 450 MeV (75 MeV). Additionally, considering the constraint on the Higgs-top Yukawa coupling from loop-induced Higgs boson production and decay processes further yields an observed (expected) upper limit of 160 MeV (55 MeV).

Cover page of Combination of searches for singly and doubly charged Higgs bosons produced via vector-boson fusion in proton–proton collisions at s = 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector

Combination of searches for singly and doubly charged Higgs bosons produced via vector-boson fusion in proton–proton collisions at s = 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector

(2025)

A combination of searches for singly and doubly charged Higgs bosons, H± and H±±, produced via vector-boson fusion is performed using 140 fb−1 of proton–proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, collected with the ATLAS detector during Run 2 of the Large Hadron Collider. Searches targeting decays to massive vector bosons in leptonic final states (electrons or muons) are considered. New constraints are reported on the production cross-section times branching fraction for charged Higgs boson masses between 200 GeV and 3000 GeV. The results are interpreted in the context of the Georgi-Machacek model for which the most stringent constraints to date are set for the masses considered in the combination.

Cover page of Simultaneous Unbinned Differential Cross-Section Measurement of Twenty-Four Z+jets Kinematic Observables with the ATLAS Detector

Simultaneous Unbinned Differential Cross-Section Measurement of Twenty-Four Z+jets Kinematic Observables with the ATLAS Detector

(2024)

Z boson events at the Large Hadron Collider can be selected with high purity and are sensitive to a diverse range of QCD phenomena. As a result, these events are often used to probe the nature of the strong force, improve Monte Carlo event generators, and search for deviations from standard model predictions. All previous measurements of Z boson production characterize the event properties using a small number of observables and present the results as differential cross sections in predetermined bins. In this analysis, a machine learning method called omnifold is used to produce a simultaneous measurement of twenty-four Z+jets observables using 139 fb^{-1} of proton-proton collisions at sqrt[s]=13 TeV collected with the ATLAS detector. Unlike any previous fiducial differential cross-section measurement, this result is presented unbinned as a dataset of particle-level events, allowing for flexible reuse in a variety of contexts and for new observables to be constructed from the twenty-four measured observables.

Underlying-event studies with strange hadrons in pp collisions at s=13 TeV with the ATLAS detector

(2024)

Abstract: Properties of the underlying-event in pp interactions are investigated primarily via the strange hadrons $$K_{S}^{0}$$ K S 0 , $$\Lambda $$ Λ and $$\bar{\Lambda }$$ Λ ¯ , as reconstructed using the ATLAS detector at the LHC in minimum-bias pp collision data at $$\sqrt{s} = 13$$ s = 13 TeV. The hadrons are reconstructed via the identification of the displaced two-particle vertices corresponding to the decay modes "Equation missing", $$\Lambda \rightarrow \pi ^-p$$ Λ → π - p and $$\bar{\Lambda }\rightarrow \pi ^+\bar{p}$$ Λ ¯ → π + p ¯ . These are used in the construction of underlying-event observables in azimuthal regions computed relative to the leading charged-particle jet in the event. None of the hadronisation and underlying-event physics models considered can describe the data over the full kinematic range considered. Events with a leading charged-particle jet in the range of $$10 < p_T \le 40$$ 10 < p T ≤ 40 GeV are studied using the number of prompt charged particles in the transverse region. The ratio $$N(\Lambda + \bar{\Lambda })/N(K_{S}^{0})$$ N ( Λ + Λ ¯ ) / N ( K S 0 ) as a function of the number of such charged particles varies only slightly over this range. This disagrees with the expectations of some of the considered Monte Carlo models.

Berkeley Law

Open Access Policy Deposits