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Open Access Publications from the University of California

Scholarly Works (23 results)

  • Article
Research Reports (1997)

In this project, the authors investigated the dynamics and reliability of a brake control system using a test bench which is a Lincoln Town Car brake system. The objectives of the project are to: 1) experimentally characterize the brake system; 2) obtain good nonlinear models of the brake system; 3) perform reliability analysis of the brake control system; and, 4) develop algorithms for brake malfunction detection and brake reliability enhancement. By using the brake test bench, the dynamic characteristics of the brake-actuator system are studied experimentally. Based on the experimental results, two models are obtained for the first time - one for the whole brake-actuator system, the other for the hydraulic actuator. Efficient controllers are then designed to cancel the nonlinearities in the brake system. Through extensive experiments, algorithms for the malfunction detection have been developed. Additionally, the feasibility of the brake control system to Advanced Vehicle Control Systems (AVCS) applications has been investigated.

    Cover page: Brake System Analysis, Reliability Testing And Control Using Bench Experiments
    • Article
    • Peer Reviewed
    UC San Francisco Previously Published Works (2019)
    Spectral imaging is a powerful technique used to simultaneously study multiple fluorophore labels with overlapping emissions. Here, we present a computational spectral imaging method, which uses sample spatial fluorescence information as a reconstruction constraint. Our method addresses both the under-sampling issue of compressive spectral imaging and the low throughput issue of scanning spectral imaging. With simulated and experimental data, we have demonstrated the reconstruction precision of our method in two and three-color imaging. We have experimentally validated this method for differentiating cellular structures labeled with two red-colored fluorescent proteins, tdTomato and mCherry, which have highly overlapping emission spectra. Our method has the advantage of totally free wavelength choice and can also be combined with conventional filter-based sequential multi-color imaging to further improve multiplexing capability.
      Cover page: Multicolor fluorescent imaging by space-constrained computational spectral imaging.
      • Article
      Research Reports (1995)

      In this paper, the problem of modeling and control design of a computer controlled brake system is addressed. A nonlinear model for the brake system is developed by analyzing the input-output data obtained from the test bench. A controller for the brake system is designed by applying feedback linearization techniques along with intuitive modifications to meet the closed loop specifications.

        Cover page: Modeling And Control Design For A Computer Controlled Brake System
        • Article
        • Peer Reviewed
        UC Irvine Previously Published Works (2014)
        Accurate and timely assessment of burn wound severity is a critical component of wound management and has implications related to course of treatment. While most superficial burns and full thickness burns are easily diagnosed through visual inspection, burns that fall between these extremes are challenging to classify based on clinical appearance. Because of this, appropriate burn management may be delayed, increasing the risk of scarring and infection. Here we present an investigation that employs spatial frequency domain imaging (SFDI) and laser speckle imaging (LSI) as non-invasive technologies to characterize in-vivoburn severity. We used SFDI and LSI to investigate controlled burn wounds of graded severity in a Yorkshire pig model. Burn wounds were imaged starting at one hour after the initial injury and daily at approximately 24, 48 and 72 hours post burn. Biopsies were taken on each day in order to correlate the imaging data to the extent of burn damage as indicated via histological analysis. Changes in reduced scattering coefficient and blood flow could be used to categorize burn severity as soon as one hour after the burn injury. The results of this study suggest that SFDI and LSI information have the potential to provide useful metrics for quantifying the extent and severity of burn injuries.
          Cover page: Quantitative assessment of graded burn wounds in a porcine model using spatial frequency domain imaging (SFDI) and laser speckle imaging (LSI)
          • Article
          • Peer Reviewed
          UC Berkeley Previously Published Works (2014)
            Cover page: Indoor/outdoor pollutant relationships in an air-conditioned room during and after the 2013 haze in Singapore
            • Article
            • Peer Reviewed
            UC Berkeley Previously Published Works (2014)
              Cover page: Performance evaluation of an energy efficient stand fan
              • Article
              • Peer Reviewed
              UC Irvine Previously Published Works (2014)

              The objective of this study was to determine the effects of tibial rotation on in situ strain in the peripatellar retinaculum and patellofemoral contact pressures and areas. Patellofemoral joint biomechanics demonstrate a strong correlation with the etiology of patellofemoral disorders, such as chondromalacia, and are significantly influenced by tibial rotation. Six human cadaveric knees were used along with a patellofemoral joint testing jig that permits physiological loading of the knee extensor muscles. Patellofemoral contact pressures and areas were measured with a Fuji pressure-sensitive film, and the changes in in situ strain in the peripatellar retinaculum were measured with four differential variable reluctance transducers. Tibial rotation had a significant effect on patellofemoral joint biomechanics. The data showed an inverse relationship between increasing knee flexion angles and the change in patellofemoral contact pressures and in situ strain with tibial rotation. At higher knee flexion angles, the patella is well-seated in the trochlear groove and the function of the peripatellar retinaculum is minimized and less affected by tibial rotations.

                Cover page: The effects of tibial rotation on the patellofemoral joint: assessment of the changes in in situ strain in the peripatellar retinaculum and the patellofemoral contact pressures and areas.
                • Article
                • Peer Reviewed
                UC Irvine Previously Published Works (2015)
                Surgical intervention of second degree burns is often delayed because of the difficulty in visual diagnosis, which increases the risk of scarring and infection. Non-invasive metrics have shown promise in accurately assessing burn depth. Here, we examine the use of spatial frequency domain imaging (SFDI) and laser speckle imaging (LSI) for predicting burn depth. Contact burn wounds of increasing severity were created on the dorsum of a Yorkshire pig, and wounds were imaged with SFDI/LSI starting immediately after-burn and then daily for the next 4 days. In addition, on each day the burn wounds were biopsied for histological analysis of burn depth, defined by collagen coagulation, apoptosis, and adnexal/vascular necrosis. Histological results show that collagen coagulation progressed from day 0 to day 1, and then stabilized. Results of burn wound imaging using non-invasive techniques were able to produce metrics that correlate to different predictors of burn depth. Collagen coagulation and apoptosis correlated with SFDI scattering coefficient parameter (μs) and adnexal/vascular necrosis on the day of burn correlated with blood flow determined by LSI. Therefore, incorporation of SFDI scattering coefficient and blood flow determined by LSI may provide an algorithm for accurate assessment of the severity of burn wounds in real time.
                  Cover page: Utility of spatial frequency domain imaging (SFDI) and laser speckle imaging (LSI) to non-invasively diagnose burn depth in a porcine model
                  • Article
                  • Peer Reviewed
                  UC Davis Previously Published Works (2013)
                  Background: Despite the importance of wheat as a major staple crop and the negative impact of diseases on its production worldwide, the genetic mechanisms and gene interactions involved in the resistance response in wheat are still poorly understood. The complete sequence of the rice genome has provided an extremely useful parallel road map for genetic and genomics studies in wheat. The recent construction of a defense response interactome in rice has the potential to further enhance the translation of advances in rice to wheat and other grasses. The objective of this study was to determine the degree of conservation in the protein-protein interactions in the rice and wheat defense response interactomes. As entry points we selected proteins that serve as key regulators of the rice defense response: the RAR1/SGT1/HSP90 protein complex, NPR1, XA21, and XB12 (XA21 interacting protein 12).Results: Using available wheat sequence databases and phylogenetic analyses we identified and cloned the wheat orthologs of these four rice proteins, including recently duplicated paralogs, and their known direct interactors and tested 86 binary protein interactions using yeast-two-hybrid (Y2H) assays. All interactions between wheat proteins were further tested using in planta bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC). Eighty three percent of the known rice interactions were confirmed when wheat proteins were tested with rice interactors and 76% were confirmed using wheat protein pairs. All interactions in the RAR1/SGT1/ HSP90, NPR1 and XB12 nodes were confirmed for the identified orthologous wheat proteins, whereas only forty four percent of the interactions were confirmed in the interactome node centered on XA21. We hypothesize that this reduction may be associated with a different sub-functionalization history of the multiple duplications that occurred in this gene family after the divergence of the wheat and rice lineages.Conclusions: The observed high conservation of interactions between proteins that serve as key regulators of the rice defense response suggests that the existing rice interactome can be used to predict interactions in wheat. Such predictions are less reliable for nodes that have undergone a different history of duplications and sub-functionalization in the two lineages. © 2013 Cantu et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.
                    Cover page: Comparative analysis of protein-protein interactions in the defense response of rice and wheat
                    • Article
                    • Peer Reviewed
                    UC Irvine Previously Published Works (2017)
                    Burn wounds are often characterized by injury depth, which then dictates wound management strategy. While most superficial burns and full thickness burns can be diagnosed through visual inspection, clinicians experience difficulty with accurate diagnosis of burns that fall between these extremes. Accurately diagnosing burn severity in a timely manner is critical for starting the appropriate treatment plan at the earliest time points to improve patient outcomes. To address this challenge, research groups have studied the use of commercial laser Doppler imaging (LDI) systems to provide objective characterization of burn-wound severity. Despite initial promising findings, LDI systems are not commonplace in part due to long acquisition times that can suffer from artifacts in moving patients. Commercial LDI systems are being phased out in favor of laser speckle imaging (LSI) systems that can provide similar information with faster acquisition speeds. To better understand the accuracy and usefulness of commercial LSI systems in burn-oriented research, we studied the performance of a commercial LSI system in three different sample systems and compared its results to a research-grade LSI system in the same environments. The first sample system involved laboratory measurements of intralipid (1%) flowing through a tissue simulating phantom, the second preclinical measurements in a controlled burn study in which wounds of graded severity were created on a Yorkshire pig, and the third clinical measurements involving a small sample of clinical patients. In addition to the commercial LSI system, a research grade LSI system that was designed and fabricated in our labs was used to quantitatively compare the performance of both systems and also to better understand the "Perfusion Unit" output of commercial systems.
                      Cover page: Quantitative assessment of graded burn wounds using a commercial and research grade laser speckle imaging (LSI) systemCreative Commons 'BY' version 4.0 license
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