UC Merced

The rapid expansion of digital health tools, such as telehealth and online symptomcheckers, has the potential to improve healthcare delivery and outcomes. However, these technologies can also perpetuate or exacerbate health disparities among populations with limited digital literacy and access. This dissertation comprises two studies. Study 1 employed a quantitative approach to assess the effects of using the Buoy Health online symptom checker on patient engagement and adherence to care-seeking recommendations. Study 2 used a qualitative approach to investigate the healthcare and telehealth experiences of Latino patients through semi-structured interviews. Study 1 found that digital health tools like Buoy can enhance patient engagement and adherence, but disparities in usage remain. Study 2 highlighted the challenges Latino patients face, including language and cultural barriers, mistrust in the healthcare system, and limited access to digital resources, all of which influence their experiences with telehealth and digital tools. The findings underscore the importance of addressing the digital divide in healthcare, particularly among underserved populations. While digital tools can enhance patient engagement, they also risk widening disparities if issues related to trust, inclusion, and access are not addressed. Efforts to expand digital health technologies must include strategies to build trust, ensure cultural inclusivity, and provide support for developing the necessary digital skills. Addressing these factors will be essential for reducing health disparities and ensuring that digital health tools are accessible and effective for all populations.