String similarity search and string similarity join are essential operations in many fields. Existing solutions adopt a filter-and-verification framework and build inverted indexes based on generated signatures to prune dissimilar candidates. While existing solutions mainly focus on improving the query processing performance, little attention is paid to reducing the inverted indexes’ memory consumption. In cases where the index size is larger than the memory, users must employ more expensive disk-based algorithms rather than in-memory ones. In this thesis, we propose a flexible framework CSS to reduce the index size and keep high query performance for string search and join applications. We give improved solutions for offline inverted list construction and introduce a new approach for the online construction of compressed inverted lists. Experimental results on large-scale datasets demonstrate that CSS can reduce memory consumption up to 5 times while having similar, or even better, query processing performance.