- Gouveia, Edilane L;
- Metcalfe, John;
- de Carvalho, Ana Luiza F;
- Aires, Talita SF;
- Villasboas-Bisneto, José Caetano;
- Queirroz, Adriano;
- Santos, Andréia C;
- Salgado, Kátia;
- Reis, Mitermayer G;
- Ko, Albert I
We report the emergence of leptospirosis-associated severe pulmonary hemorrhagic syndrome (SPHS) in slum communities in Salvador, Brazil. Although active surveillance did not identify SPHS before 2003, 47 cases were identified from 2003 through 2005; the case-fatality rate was 74%. By 2005, SPHS caused 55% of the deaths due to leptospirosis.
