Feral swine are a threat to native species and their habitats as well as human health and safety. Feral swine destroy crucial habitat for migratory birds, reptiles, and other animals, especially endangered ground nesting species and protected snakes that are predated on or trampled by feral swine. Feral swine wallowing and rooting behaviors destroy native vegetation and lead to the spread of invasive plant species and soil erosion, which reduces water quality. They also compete with native species for resources such as food and space, leading to a loss of biodiversity. Havasu National Wildlife Refuge (Havasu NWR or refuge) was established in 1941 as a refuge and breeding ground for migratory birds and other wildlife. It encompasses 37,515 acres along the Colorado River, with 47% designated as wilderness. Feral swine escaped from nearby farms and were possibly released for hunting stock in the early 1900s and have since become invasive as their range expanded into Havasu NWR. The U.S. Department of Agriculture's Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Wildlife Services, partnered with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service to eradicate feral swine from the refuge to combat their negative impacts on critical wetland habitat, wildlife, and human safety. The eradication program uses almost every method available for feral swine removal. After almost a decade of progress it is estimated that the refuge is down to less than five animals. The program has brought together two federal departments to create a wildlife conservation success story.