- Byrum, Janie;
- Waltari, Eric;
- Janson, Owen;
- Guo, Syuan-Ming;
- Folkesson, Jenny;
- Chhun, Bryant;
- Vinden, Joanna;
- Ivanov, Ivan;
- Forst, Marcus;
- Li, Hongquan;
- Larson, Adam;
- Blackmon, Lena;
- Liu, Ziwen;
- Wu, Wesley;
- Ahyong, Vida;
- Tato, Cristina;
- McCutcheon, Krista;
- Hoh, Rebecca;
- Kelly, J;
- Martin, Jeffrey;
- Peluso, Michael;
- Henrich, Timothy;
- Deeks, Steven;
- Prakash, Manu;
- Greenhouse, Bryan;
- Mehta, Shalin;
- Pak, John
A multiplexed enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) that simultaneously measures antibody binding to multiple antigens can extend the impact of serosurveillance studies, particularly if the assay approaches the simplicity, robustness, and accuracy of a conventional single-antigen ELISA. Here, we report on the development of multiSero, an open-source multiplex ELISA platform for measuring antibody responses to viral infection. Our assay consists of three parts: (1) an ELISA against an array of proteins in a 96-well format; (2) automated imaging of each well of the ELISA array using an open-source plate reader; and (3) automated measurement of optical densities for each protein within the array using an open-source analysis pipeline. We validated the platform by comparing antibody binding to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) antigens in 217 human sera samples, showing high sensitivity (0.978), specificity (0.977), positive predictive value (0.978), and negative predictive value (0.977) for classifying seropositivity, a high correlation of multiSero determined antibody titers with commercially available SARS-CoV-2 antibody tests, and antigen-specific changes in antibody titer dynamics upon vaccination. The open-source format and accessibility of our multiSero platform can contribute to the adoption of multiplexed ELISA arrays for serosurveillance studies, for SARS-CoV-2 and other pathogens of significance.