The persistent and growing demand for woodfuels in devel­ oping countries constitutes an important, often ign ored resource and environmental problem. To gauge the impact ofthis other energy crisis, the case ofSenegal in the 1990s is assessed, focusing on the important urban household sub­ sector. A disagrg egated database is used to highlight the problems of increasing urban energy demand met by unsus­ tainable rural woodfuel supply, and the inadequacy of exist­ ing policies and programs. A flexible, consumer-oriented strategy is recommended, based on biomass supply system management, interfuel substitution, conservation, and a sound pricing policy.