On-line processing of inflected spoken words was examined using phoneme-monitoring RT to following targets. Plural and singular nouns followed contexts that required plurals (e.g., A dozen bagels/bagel tumbled...) or were neutral (e.g.. The frozen bagels/bagel tumbled ...) . Relative to the neutral contexts, recognition of congruent plural nouns was facilitated, and recognition of incongruent singular nouns was disrupted.

We investigated the effects of spelling knowledge on the representationof spoken language. In the experiment, subjects first saw the written form ofa nonsense word, then heard it and judged the number of syllables. For theidentical acoustic tokens, the number of judged syllables varied with theaccoitpanying spelling. The effect of spelling was stronger for one syllablepronunciations than for two syllable pronunciations. The results arediscussed in relation to the role of spelling knowledge in listeners'representations of phonology.