Screening of a small chemical library (Medicines for Malaria Venture Pathogen Box) identified two structurallyrelated pyrazolone (inhibitor 1) and pyridazine (inhibitor 2) DNMT3A inhibitors with low micromolar inhibition
constants. The uncompetitive and mixed type inhibition patterns with DNA and AdoMet suggest these molecules
act through an allosteric mechanism, and thus are unlikely to bind to the enzyme’s active site. Unlike the
clinically used mechanism based DNMT inhibitors such as decitabine or azacitidine that act via the enzyme
active site, the inhibitors described here could lead to the development of more selective drugs. Both inhibitors
show promising selectivity for DNMT3A in comparison to DNMT1 and bacterial DNA cytosine methyltransferases.
With further study, this could form the basis of preferential targeting of de novo DNA methylation
over maintenance DNA methylation.