Directional comparisons are often used to express similarity
(e.g., “North Korea is like China”). These statements,
however, frame the subject as the less typical figure and the
complement as the more typical or prominent ground. Thus,
despite expressing similarity, directional comparisons may
imply that the ground is more representative. In Study 1, we
analyze Twitter to show that directional comparisons occur in
everyday conversation about gender; that men are the ground
more often than women; and that only males frequently serve
as the ground for positive traits (e.g., “Girls are as smart as
boys”), suggesting that positive traits are considered typical
of males, but not females. In Study 2, we show that
directional comparisons intended to express equivalent ability
(e.g., “Boys are as good as girls at a game called gorp”) cause
adults to infer that the ground has more natural skill and that
the figure has to work harder.