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Scholarly Works (4 results)

  • Article
  • Peer Reviewed
UCLA Radiological Sciences Proceedings, Volume 1, Issue 3 (2021)

Ketamine in subanesthetic doses became popular as a recreational drug for its strong, quickly achievable antidepressant effect and short-acting, well-tolerated psychotomimetic (hallucinogenic and dissociative) effect. Numerous cases of genitourinary system dysfunction associated with ketamine use have been reported. We describe a case of ketamine-use-related symptoms of genitourinary system dysfunction in a 23-year-old man who was found to have acute cystitis and a history of using ketamine. We also discuss the epidemiology, the clinical presentation, and some aspects of treatment of ketamine-associated urinary tract dysfunction. In patients with lower urinary tract symptoms of uropathy and a history of ketamine use, the possibility of ketamine-induced uropathy should be included in the differential diagnosis. Further studies are necessary to help delineate guidelines for both diagnosis and management of ketamine-induced lower urinary tract dysfunction.

    Cover page: Ketamine-associated Cystitis: A Case ReportCreative Commons 'BY' version 4.0 license
    • Article
    • Peer Reviewed
    UCLA Radiological Sciences Proceedings, Volume 2, Issue 2 (2022)

    An aneurysmal bone cyst (ABC) is a rare benign expansile lesion of the bone that consists of hemorrhagic cystic spaces separated by fibrous connective tissue containing osteoid and multinucleated giant cells. The lesion may be primary or secondary. We present a case of ABC in a 7-month-old girl who had a growing, antibiotic-refractory mass in the left chest wall. A computed tomography of the chest confirmed the anatomic location of the mass, but a percutaneous image-guided biopsy and video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery performed during work-up were nondiagnostic. The patient ultimately had a partial rib resection via left thoracotomy. On histologic examination, the mass was found to be an ABC. To our knowledge, this is the second case reported on aneurysmal bone cyst of the rib in an infant. The presented case confirms that ABCs can affect any bone and suggests that the inclusion of an expansile osteolytic lesion of the ribs in differential diagnosis is necessary to facilitate timely treatment that warrants excellent results.

      Cover page: A Rare Aneurysmal Bone Cyst of the Rib in an Infant: A Case ReportCreative Commons 'BY' version 4.0 license
      • Article
      • Peer Reviewed
      UCLA Previously Published Works (2021)

      Background

      Fistulas are an abnormal connection between two or more epithelial surfaces. When fistulization between adjacent structures occurs in the pelvis, there is almost invariably significant associated morbidity and impact on a patient's quality of life. Imaging may aid in the diagnosis of pelvic fistulas and is essential to identify any associated pathology, define the course of the fistula, and aid in pre-surgical planning.

      Purpose

      This article aims to review the wide array of clinical and imaging presentations of fistulas in the pelvis, with a focus on the radiologists' role in managing this challenging entity.

      Methods

      This article will review each classification type of fistula.

      Results

      Pelvic fistula is a devastating condition that causes significant morbidity and evaluation can be challenging.

      Conclusions

      Imaging, and particularly MRI, plays a vital role in the diagnosis, characterizing the course of a fistula and demonstrating associated complications, which are essential to guide treatment decisions.
        Cover page: Guided tour of hidden tracts in the pelvis: exploring pelvic fistulasCreative Commons 'BY' version 4.0 license
        • Article
        • Peer Reviewed
        UCLA Previously Published Works (2021)
        Undergraduate students participating in the UCLA Undergraduate Research Consortium for Functional Genomics (URCFG) have conducted a two-phased screen using RNA interference (RNAi) in combination with fluorescent reporter proteins to identify genes important for hematopoiesis in Drosophila. This screen disrupted the function of approximately 3500 genes and identified 137 candidate genes for which loss of function leads to observable changes in the hematopoietic development. Targeting RNAi to maturing, progenitor, and regulatory cell types identified key subsets that either limit or promote blood cell maturation. Bioinformatic analysis reveals gene enrichment in several previously uncharacterized areas, including RNA processing and export and vesicular trafficking. Lastly, the participation of students in this course-based undergraduate research experience (CURE) correlated with increased learning gains across several areas, as well as increased STEM retention, indicating that authentic, student-driven research in the form of a CURE represents an impactful and enriching pedagogical approach.
          Cover page: A functional genomics screen identifying blood cell development genes in Drosophila by undergraduates participating in a course-based research experienceCreative Commons 'BY' version 4.0 license
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