Subject-auxiliary inversion in interrogatives has been a topic
of great interest in language acquisition research, and has
often been held up as evidence for the structure-dependence
of grammar. Usage-based and nativist approaches posit
different representations and processes underlying children’s
question formation and therefore predict different causes for
these errors. Here, we explore the question of whether input
statistics predict children’s spontaneous non-inversion errors
with wh- questions. In contrast to previous studies, we look at
properties of the non-inverted, errorful forms of questions.
Through a series of corpus analyses, we show that the
frequency of uninverted subsequences (e.g., “she is going” in
“what she is going to do?*”) is a good predictor of children’s
errors, consistent with recent evidence for multiword units in
children’s comprehension and production. This finding has
implications for the types of mental representations and
cognitive processes researchers ascribe to children acquiring a
first language.