Purpose

This article illustrates multiple atypical manifestations of ocular toxoplasmosis masquerading as acute retinal necrosis and vitreoretinal lymphoma.

Methods

Two case presentations are discussed, and the body of pertinent literature is reviewed and discussed.

Results

In these cases, an extensive workup and attention to history lead to the correct diagnosis and management.

Conclusions

Aggressive cases of ocular toxoplasmosis may present in a variety of phenotypes that may mimic other vision- and potentially life-threatening conditions, particularly in a milieu of inadequate endogenous and exogenous antimicrobial defenses.